在GRE阅读机经文章里面，Passage 40有一道推断题难倒了很多同学。而这道题的出题方式刚好也是ETS喜欢的类型，所以今天Irene老师就来带大家分析一下这道题到底是怎么做出来的。

Passage 40

Buell’s study of village sketches (a type of fiction popular in the United States in the 1830s and 1840s) provides a valuable summary of sketches that portray the community as homogeneous and fixed, but it ignores those by women writers, which typically depicted the diversity that increasingly characterized actual village communities at that time. These women’s  geographical mobility was restricted (although women writers of the time were not uniformly circumscribed in this way), and their subject matter reflected this fact. Yet their texts were enriched by what Gilligan, writing in a different context, has called the ability to attend to voices other than one’s own. To varying degrees, the women’s sketches portray differences among community members: all stress differences among men and among women  (particularly the latter) as well as differences between the sexes, and some also depict cultural diversity. These writers represent community as dynamic, as something that must be  negotiated and renegotiated because of its members’ divergent histories, positions, expectations, and beliefs.

3. The passage indicates that when Gilligan spoke of “the ability to attend to voices other than one’s own,” she

did not consider that ability to be a desirable psychological characteristic did not believe that individuals differ greatly with respect to that ability was implying that that ability enhances a sense of belonging in communities

was assuming that good writers are able to depict diverse characters was not discussing the women who wrote village sketches

这道题很多同学会在看完题目后，可以很轻松地定位到原文这句：

Yet their texts were enriched by what Gilligan, writing in a different context, has called the ability to attend to voices other than one’s own. 然后根据这句内容，大家一般会秒排E选项，然后在CD中纠结。但是，这道题的答案恰恰就是E选项！很多同学看完正确答案后就傻眼了。

这道题问的是，当G说这句话（the ability to attend to voices other than one’s own）的时候，她是在干啥。针对G谈这个ability的时候，根据原文，我们只能得出唯一的一个信息，就是她曾经说过有一种ability是去attend to voices other than one’s own。然后就啥也没说了。

所以，她没有发表任何评价性的表达，没有说这个ability重要或者不重要，也没有说这个ability能干啥，所以这道题其实ABCD全都是无中生有才对！

大家不要觉得这篇文章作者是支持女性作者的，所以G也一定是赞美他们的，G只是单纯说有一个能力是blablabla而已。

而至于E选项，虽然文章里面确实在说这些女性有这种ability。但是，这只是作者引用G曾经说过的话来评价这些女性作者而且，而G本人，根据writing in a different context，她说这句话的时候是在别的情况下说的，所以根本不是在评价这些女性。

完全有可能G是在评价一幅画，一部电影，一首歌的时候提到了有这种能力，然后本文的作者借G的话来评价这些女性writer而已！

综上，这道题的答案只有E选项。本题非常完美地体现了ETS对于无中生有的定义。原文没说的，就千万别脑补噢。

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