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Although many hypotheses have been proposed to explain why some plant communities are more susceptible than others to invasion by nonnative species, results from field studies have been inconsistent and no general theory of invasibility has yet emerged. However, a theory based on fluctuating resource availability could integrate most existing hypotheses and successfully resolve many of the apparently conflicting and ambiguous results of previous studies. The suggested theory is that a plant community becomes more susceptible to invasion whenever there is an increase in the amount of unused resources.
The diversity in the range of resource-release mechanisms could partly explain the absence of consistent ecological correlates of invasibility. In particular, the theory predicts that there will be no necessary relationship between the species diversity of a plant community and its susceptibility to invasion, since near-complete exploitation can each occur in both species-rich and species-poor communities. Though Lonsdale found a positive association between species richness and invasion, this may arise from the tendency of diverse plant communities to be nutrient poor and therefore more responsive to the effects of human-caused influxes of nutrients.
According to the author， the theory based on fluctuating resource availability might resolve "apparently conflicting and ambiguous results " because
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当前版本由 349131oyxk 更新于2024-07-17 22:20:51 感谢由 349131oyxk 对此题目的解答所做出的贡献。
文中提到，尽管有许多假设试图解释为什么一些植物群落比其他更容易受到非本地物种入侵的影响，但现场研究的结果却不一致，并且尚未出现一般性的易感性理论。然而，基于资源可变性的理论可能能整合大部分现有的假设，并成功解决许多先前研究中看似矛盾和模棱两可的结果。
现在让我们逐一审视第1题的选项：
a. it explains how a particular circumstance can produce disparate effects
b. it does not assume that all of the results are instances of the phenomenon that the theory is intended to explain
c. it predicts that seemingly minor variations in research methodology can have a dramatic effect on results
d. its account is based on a statistical tendency rather than on the supposition that the results arise from a causal connection
e. it indicates why a similar outcome maybe preceded by very different circumstances on different occasions
为什么选择正确答案e：
答案e指出，这个理论能够解释为什么在不同情况下可能出现相似的结果。在文中，作者提到基于资源可变性的理论可以整合现有的假设，并解决看似矛盾和模棱两可的结果。这表明，尽管在不同的研究中可能会有不同的情况和条件，但理论仍然能够说明它们之间的一致性或类似性，即在资源利用变化时植物群落对入侵的反应。
因此，选项e正确地概括了基于资源可变性的理论如何解决先前研究中看似矛盾和模棱两可的结果，这是因为它能够说明为什么相似的结果可能在不同情况下由于非常不同的情况而发生。
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