According to the passage. proponents of aestheticism and moderate forms of cthicism have which of the following in common?答案解析-雷哥GRE

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In philosophical debates about the value of literature. followers of “aestheticism" maintain that the moral views expressed in a work of fiction are irrelevant when assessing the work 's value. They consider only aesthetic features such as change of pace, the creation and release of tension, the harmonizing of disparate elements. and other features similar to those valued in instrumental music. The opposing view, "ethicism," insists upon the importance of a work 's moral views in any assessment of its value. Adherents of the extreme form of ethicism refuse to grant any value. whatsoever to works they feel express immoral ideas, and they attach no value at all to the aesthetic features of a work. More moderate proponents of ethicism, however, value the aesthetic features of a work but nevertheless see them as secondary to the work 's moral viewpoint.

The most prominent form of ethicism claims that fictional literature is vital for n person's moral development. Indeed, the central tenet of this "edifying school" of ethicism is that fiction has value primarily because of its ability to improve people morally by increasing their awareness of injustice. Martha Nussbaum, unlike some other members of the edifying school, does not argue that n work of fiction must have a simple and directly stated moral, but she does believe that i work should contain “moral lesson even if that lesson is complex and only indirectly described.

Literary critic Richard Posner objects that more people have been changed by reading natural science and social science than by reading fiction. Furthermore, he notes that even when the moral views expressed in a work fall out of favor, the work's prestige usually suffers little damage. Indeed, Posner argues that most readers accept the presence of ethical views that conflict with their own with the same equanimity with which they accept the presence of antiquated customs or diction as both inevitable- given the antiquity of so much literature- and incidental to the purpose for which they rend it.

Posner concedes that we can change and improve ourselves through reading fiction. For example, we can improve our ability to express ourselves and achieve greater understanding of cultures, epochs, and sensibilities remote from our own, and indeed fiction may often increase our awareness or injustice, thereby improving us morally. Nevertheless. Posner believes that fiction is first and foremost in art form and as such is valuable primarily for the pleasure it gives its renders. Clearly. this pleasure is not always of the escapist sort, since it can be conferred by grimly realistic depictions of disasters and undeserved suffering. In such CINCN. Posner contends, fiction confers on the peculiarly intellectual pleasure of rending about people who ore much like ourselves but whose lives are more intense and changed with significance.

According to the passage. proponents of aestheticism and moderate forms of cthicism have which of the following in common?

A. They deny that works of fiction that express immoral ideas have any value whatsoever. B. They deny that the moral viewpoint of a work of fiction is relevant when assessing the work's value. C. They assign more value to the aesthetic features of a work of fiction than to the moral views expressed in the work. D. They assign some value to the moral viewpoint of a work of fiction. E. They assign some value to the aesthetic features of a work of fiction.

正确答案： E 耗时：

该题平均耗时：1分18秒，平均正确率：56 %，难度系数：5 。该题由网友lgw20422提供。更多GRE题目请点击上传

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当前版本由314681irjrt更新于2023-07-13 15:42:08 感谢由314681irjrt对此题目的解答所做出的贡献。

细节题。题目问两者的共同点。定位文章第一段：proponents of aestheticism “They consider only aesthetic features”这些人只考虑审美特征；第一段最后一句：moderate proponents of ethicism认为美学特征是作品道德观的次要部分，次要部分，其实也还是整个作品元素中所包含的一部分，同样有美学特征。所以，综上，这两种人都“赋予了小说作品美学特征”，对应E选项。 A错误，deny … express immoral idea文章中未提到。 B错误，deny that the moral … is relevant文章中未提到，因此错误。 C错误，只有proponents of aestheticism认为道德不重要，文章中第一段第一句。 D错误，proponents of aestheticism认为道德不重要，所以这不是共同点。

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